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1.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 34(4): 323-331, dic. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1150446

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El proceso de transición de un paciente de la etapa pediátrica a la adulta es un proceso dinámico, complejo y planificado, que incluye la transferencia propiamente dicha de una institución pediátrica a una adulta. El aumento de la sobrevida de niños y adolescentes con patologías crónicas, la falta de acuerdos formales entre instituciones de salud y la falta de enfoque multidisciplinario de estos casos son los principales problemas a tener en cuenta. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir y proponer una respuesta a las situaciones y dificultades que se encuentran en la actualidad en la salud pública durante el proceso de transición de pacientes pediátricos con patología neuroquirúrgica crónica y de pacientes adultos con patología congénita. Para tal fin se deben considerar factores sociales, económicos y comunicacionales. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, transversal y retrospectivo de pacientes con patología neuroquirúrgica transicional desde el 01 de enero de 2017 al 31 de diciembre de 2018. En total se revisaron las historias clínicas de 47 pacientes del Hospital "El Cruce". Resultados: De los 47 pacientes observados, con un rango etario entre 17 y 42 años, realizamos una división de éstos en 2 grupos: GRUPO 1: pacientes adultos operados en la edad pediátrica que requieren un seguimiento crónico de su patología de origen; y GRUPO 2: pacientes adultos con patología congénita. En el GRUPO 1, observamos 38 pacientes (24 masculinos y 14 femeninos) de los cuales 24 fueron operados y 14 no operados (solo seguimiento clínico). Dentro de este grupo, el 63% de los pacientes (n=29) presentó como su patología de base para su seguimiento la hidrocefalia. En el GRUPO 2, observamos a 9 pacientes (2 masculinos y 7 femeninos) de los cuales 7 fueron operados y 2 no operados. Todos los pacientes de este último grupo presentaron como diagnóstico de base un disrafismo espinal. Conclusión: Se debe lograr una transición planificada para el bienestar de los jóvenes con necesidades especiales de atención de salud. Actualmente no hay acuerdos interinstitucionales formales para el seguimiento y atención de estos pacientes.Consideramos que existe un grupo de pacientes que se beneficiarían con la creación de una nueva subespecialidad neuroquirúrgica: la neurocirugía transicional. La misma debería desarrollarse en hospitales generales, de alta complejidad, donde coincidan en el servicio de neurocirugía de adultos, neurocirujanos con formación pediátrica


Introduction: The transition process of a patient from pediatric to adult stage is a dynamic, complex, and planned process which, strictly speaking, includes the transfer from a pediatric to an adult institution. The increased rate of survival of children and adolescents with chronic pathologies, lack of formal agreements between health institutions and lack of multidisciplinary approach to these cases are the main issues to consider. The purpose of this paper is to describe and provide a response to situations and difficulties that currently exist in the public health during the transition process of pediatric patients with chronic neurosurgical pathology and adult patients with congenital pathology. For this purpose, communication, social, and economic factors must be considered. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study of patients with transitional neurosurgical pathology from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. In total, 47 patient's medical records were reviewed from "El Cruce" Hospital. Results: A total of 47 patients, with an age range between 17 and 42 years, were observed. We divided our study population into 2 groups: GROUP 1: adult patients who have been operated in pediatric age and require chronic follow-up of their origin pathology; and GROUP 2: adult patients with congenital pathology. In GROUP 1, we observed 38 patients (24 male and 14 female) of whom 24 were performed neurosurgery, and 14 were not. Within this group, 63% of the patients (n = 29) presented hydrocephalus as their basic pathology for monitoring. In GROUP 2, we observed 9 patients (2 male and 7 female) of whom 7 were operated and 2 were not. All patients in this last group presented spinal dysraphism as their basic diagnosis. Conclusion: A planned transition for the well-being of young patients with special health care needs must be achieved. Currently, there are no formal institutional agreements for the monitoring and care of these patients. We believe that there is a group of patients who would benefit from the creation of a new neurosurgical sub-specialty: transitional neurosurgery. It should be developed in high complexity general hospitals, where neurosurgeons with pediatric training could be part of a general neurosurgery department.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurosurgery , Spinal Dysraphism , Hydrocephalus
2.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 13(2): 43-47, 2020. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1095229

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La evaluación de los programas de transición (PT) es un paso fundamental para determinar su importancia como estrategia de seguimiento y apoyo a los adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) que transitan de una atención pediátrica a una adulta. OBJETIVO: evaluar un modelo de PT para adolescentes con DM1 a 4 años de su implementación. SUJETOS Y MÉTODO: este estudio se realizó en 65 adolescentes que ingresaron al PT. Se evaluó el cumplimiento de los indicadores de adherencia del PT (preparación, continuidad, regularidad, exclusividad en la atención médica y seguimiento psicológico), la participación de los adolescentes en el PT (cumplir con los 5 indicadores) y el control metabólico asociado a esa participación. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Prueba de Chi Cuadrado para las variables grados de participación y control metabólico; y Prueba T de Student para muestras pareadas para evaluar la variación de HbA1c al finalizar el primer año en atención como adulto. RESULTADOS: los indicadores de adherencia del PT se cumplen sobre el 65% en la población estudiada. Se encontró que el 38,5% de los adolescentes logran participación completa en el PT (cumplir 5 indicadores), 43,1% participación parcial (cumplir 3 o 4 indicadores) y 18,4% participación insuficiente en el PT (cumplir con 0, 1 ó 2 indicadores). Se observó una mayor frecuencia de mantenimiento o mejoría del control metabólico en los adolescentes con participación completa en el PT en comparación con los de participación parcial e insuficiente (76% v/s 59,2% y 22,2% respectivamente). Se observó un cambio significativo (p < 0,05) de la HbA1c en adolescentes con participación completa y participación parcial. CONCLUSIÓN: en los adolescentes con DM1, se debe incentivar la participación en el PT para fortalecer las conductas de adherencia al tratamiento diabético incluyendo el control metabólico.


INTRODUCTION: the evaluation of the transition programs (TP) is a fundamental step to determine its importance as a follow-up and support strategy for adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who move from a pediatric to adult care. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate a TP model for adolescents with T1D 4 years after its implementation. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: this study was carried out in 65 adolescents who entered the TP. Compliance with the TP adherence indicators was evaluated (preparation, continuity, regularity, exclusivity in medical care and psychological follow-up), the participation of adolescents in the TP (compliance with the 5 indicators) and the metabolic control associated with that participation. The statistical analysis was carried out with Chi-square test for the variable degrees of participation and metabolic control; and paired Student's T test for the change of HbA1c at the end of the first year in adult. RESULTS: TP adherence indicators are met over 65% in the population studied. When evaluating participation in the TP, it was found that 38.5% of adolescents achieved full participation in the TP (meet 5 indicators), 43.1% partial participation (meet 3 or 4 indicators) and 18.4% insufficient participation in the TP (comply with 0, 1 or 2 indicators). A higher frequency of maintenance or improvement of metabolic control was observed in adolescents with full participation in the TP compared to those with partial and insufficient participation (76% v/s 59.2% and 22.2% respectively). The statistical difference (p < 0.05) was obtained in the change of HbA1c of adolescents with full participation and partial participation. CONCLUSION: in adolescents with T1D, participation in TP should be encouraged to strengthen adherence to diabetic treatment including metabolic control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Program Evaluation/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Transition to Adult Care , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Chi-Square Distribution , Patient Compliance , Continuity of Patient Care , Treatment Adherence and Compliance
3.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 11(1): 7-10, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-999004

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The transition programs (TP) are planned interventions with specific aims which support type 1 diabetes adolescents in their process to emigrate from a pediatric care system to an adult care system. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a TP in type 1 diabetes adolescents. Subjects and Method: This study was performed in 20 adolescents: 10 in TP and 10 controls (no TP) attended in an adult care system in a traditional way. The applied program included: coordination of attention dates, administrative supervision of the cases, and integral health team attention: physician every three months, psychologist with psychosocial follow-up every three months, nutricionist and university nurse according to the case necessities. After a year of the TP implementation the indicators of adherence were evaluated: continuity of care, regular medical appointments, physician/adolescent relationship, psychosocial follow-up, and to maintain or improve the HbA1c. The statistical analysis of variables comparison was performed with Kwallis Test o Mann-Whitney Test, in STATA 12.0 program. Results: At comparing groups, it was found that the intervened adolescents presented a major frequency of: continuity of diabetes care, regular medical appointments, physician/adolescent relationship and psychosocial follow-up (p < 0,01); the indicator of maintaining or improving the HbA1c was better in the patients with TP (60 percent vs 30 percent) yet not significant. Conclusion: In type 1 diabetes adolescents, with the applied TP we get better indicators of adherence to the diabetes treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Patient Compliance , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Transition to Adult Care , Physician-Patient Relations , Self Care , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Chile , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
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